Isoflurane

Isoflurane is indicated for inducing and maintaining general anesthesia in dogs and horses.

Induction & Maintenance: Used to put animals to sleep (induction) and keep them asleep (maintenance) for surgical procedures.
Species: Approved for horses and dogs, and adapted for use in small mammals, birds, and large exotic animals.
Critical Care: Can serve as a sedation option in ICUs for critically ill patients needing ventilation.
Field Anesthesia: Provides a portable, robust system for wildlife immobilization.

Precision Vaporizer System: This is the standard and safest method for most procedures, especially surgeries.
- Induction: The animal is placed in an induction chamber or has a face mask/nose cone placed over its muzzle to inhale an initial, higher concentration of isoflurane (e.g., 2-4% for dogs, 3-5% for horses) mixed with oxygen. This induces a sleep-like state and loss of reflexes within 5 to 10 minutes.
- Maintenance: Once the desired depth of anesthesia is reached, the concentration is lowered (e.g., 1.5% to 1.8% for both dogs and horses) to sustain the anesthetic state during the procedure. The level of anesthesia can be adjusted rapidly due to isoflurane’s low blood solubility.
“Drop” or Nose Cone Method: For very short, non-surgical procedures in small rodents (e.g., mice and rats), a cotton pad soaked with a diluted isoflurane mixture is placed in a sealed container or nose cone. This method provides less control and has a higher risk of overdose, so it should only be used under strict safety protocols in a fume hood and for procedures lasting a few minutes at most.

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