Foot and Mouth disease (FMD).vaccine is indicated for emergency vaccination to create a barrier against outbreaks in nearby herds, and for routine protection in endemic areas.

INDICATIONS

• Target Species: Cattle, sheep, and pigs. Some regional formulations also include buffalo and goats.
• Age of Administration: Generally indicated for animals from 2 weeks of age.
• Disease Prevention: Protects against various strains of inactivated FMD virus (serotypes O, A, Asia 1, and SAT2). It is designed as a multi-strain vaccine where up to three strains are selected based on regional epidemiological needs.
• Emergency Use: Specifically indicated for use in emergency situations to control disease outbreaks.
• DIVA Capability: The vaccine allows for the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA), which is critical for disease control and maintaining trade status.
• Onset of Immunity:
  • Cattle and Sheep: Approximately 1 week after vaccination.
  • Pigs: Approximately 4 weeks after vaccination.
• Duration and Boosters: Provides protective antibody levels for at least 6 months; revaccination is typically recommended every 6 months to maintain immunity.

ADMINISTRATION

• Cattle: One dose of 2 ml administered by subcutaneous injection (under the skin). A common site is the front of the shoulder area.
• Sheep: One dose of 2 ml administered by subcutaneous injection (under the skin).
• Pigs: One dose of 2 ml administered by intramuscular injection (into the muscle). The preferred site is typically in the neck, behind the ear. 

• Preparation: The content of the vial should be homogenized by gentle mixing (inverting the vial several times) before use; do not shake vigorously as this can cause air bubbles. Do not warm the product before use.
• Primary Vaccination: The primary course can start from 2 weeks of age.
• Revaccination: Revaccination is required every six months. When vaccinating very young animals (e.g., pigs at 2 weeks old) in the presence of maternal antibodies, a revaccination at 8 to 10 weeks is recommended.